Socrates: In
that case it is clear (Dh=lon a1ra) that both Thrasymachus and anyone
else who seriously teaches a science of rhetoric (o3ti Qrasu/maxo/j te kai\ o4j a2n a1lloj spoudh=| te/xnhn
r9htorikh\n didw~|) will
first write with complete accuracy and enable us to see whether soul is
something which is one and uniform in nature (prw~ton
pa/sh| a0kribei/a| gra/yei te kai\ poih/sei yuxh\n i0dei=n, po/teron e4n kai\
o3moion pe/fuken) or
complex like the form of the body (h2
kata\ sw&matoj formh\n polueide/j); for this is what we say is to reveal the nature of something
(tou=to ga/r famen fu/sin ei]nai
deiknu/nai).
Phaedrus: Absolutely
(Panta/pasi me\n ou]n).
Socrates:
And in the second place (Deu/teron de/ ge), he will make clear with which of
its forms it is its nature to do what, or to have what done to it by what (o3tw| ti/ poiei=n h2 paqei=n u9po\ tou= pe/fuken).
Phaedrus: Of
course (Ti/ mh/n;).
Socrates:
And then, thirdly (Tri/ton de\ dh/), having classified the kinds of
speeches and of soul (diataca/menoj ta\
lo/gwn te kai\ yuxh=j ge/nh), and the ways in which these are affected (kai\ ta\ tou/twn paqh/mata), he will go through all the causes (di/eisi pa/saj ai0ti/aj), fitting each to each (prosarmo/ttwn
e3kaston e9ka/stw|) and
explaining what sort of soul’s being subjected to what sorts of speeches
necessarily results in one being convinced and other not, giving the cause in
each case (kai\ dida/skwn oi3a ou]sa u9f’ oi3wn lo/gwn di0 h4n ai0ti/an e0c a0na/gkhj h9 me\n
pei/qetai, h9 de\ a0peiqei=).
Phaedrus: It
would certainly seem to be best like that (Ka/llista
gou=n a1n, w(j e1oik’, e1xoi
ou3twj).
Socrates: Indeed,
my friend, if a model speech is written or a speech actually given on a subject
in any other way than this, it will never be given or written scientifically (Ou1toi me\n ou]n, w} fi/le, a1llwj e0ndeiknu/menon h2
lego/menon te/xnh| pote lexqh/setai h2 grafh/setai) – not on any other subject (ou1te ti a1llo), and not on this one (ou1te
tou=to). But those who
now write manuals of rhetoric, the people you have listened to (A0ll’
oi9 nu=n gra/fontej, w{n su\ a0kh/koaj, te/xnaj lo/gwn), are cunning (panou=rgoi ei0sin), and keep the secret to themselves (kai\ a0pokru/ptontai), although they know perfectly well about soul (ei0do/tej yuxh=j pe/ri pagka/lwj); so until they both speak and write
in this way (pri\n a2n ou]n to\n tro/pon
tou=ton le/gwsi/ te kai\ gra/fwsi), let us not believe their claim (mh\ peiqw&meqa au0toi=j) that they write scientifically (te/xnh| gra/fein).
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